What is geniculate artery embolization?

Geniculate artery embolization (GAE) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat knee pain associated with conditions like osteoarthritis. It involves blocking the blood supply to specific arteries around the knee joint, which can help reduce inflammation and pain by decreasing blood flow to the affected area.

Knee Embolization (Genicular Artery Embolization)

What causes knee pain that may require embolization?

Knee pain can result from various factors, including osteoarthritis, ligament injuries, and inflammation. Over time, degenerative changes in the joint can lead to pain, swelling, and decreased mobility, making it difficult for individuals to perform daily activities.

Why should I get it treated?

Treating knee pain through procedures like GAE can significantly improve quality of life. Untreated knee pain can lead to chronic discomfort, reduced mobility, and a decline in overall physical activity, potentially resulting in further joint damage and complications.

How is geniculate artery embolization performed?

GAE is performed by an interventional radiologist using imaging guidance. A small catheter is inserted into a blood vessel, and specialized materials are injected to occlude the geniculate arteries supplying the knee. This process helps reduce blood flow, thereby alleviating pain and inflammation.

How is this different from surgery?

Unlike traditionalf knee surgeries, GAE is less invasive and usually requires only a small incision, resulting in shorter recovery times and less postoperative pain. While surgical options may involve more extensive procedures and longer healing periods, GAE allows for a quicker return to normal activities.

Is the procedure painful and what will my recovery be like?

Most patients experience minimal discomfort during the GAE procedure, which is typically managed with sedation. Recovery is usually swift, with many individuals returning home the same day and resuming regular activities within a few days. Some may experience mild soreness in the treated area for a short time.

Is this a new procedure?

Geniculate artery embolization is a relatively recent technique, gaining recognition as an effective option for managing knee pain associated with osteoarthritis. Its use has expanded as more studies support its benefits and efficacy.

What are my alternatives?

Alternatives to geniculate artery embolization include conservative treatments such as physical therapy, corticosteroid injections, and oral pain medications. In more severe cases, surgical options like arthroscopy or knee replacement may be considered, depending on the severity of the condition. It is important to know you can still get a knee replacement if you undergo this procedure and are not happy with the results. Many people use this procedure as a bridge to either completely avoid or delay surgery.

Is there scientific evidence available?

Yes, there is a growing body of scientific evidence supporting the use of geniculate artery embolization for knee pain. Clinical studies have shown promising results in terms of pain relief and improved function for patients suffering from knee conditions.

What are the risks and potential complications?

While geniculate artery embolization is generally safe, there are some risks involved, including infection, bleeding, and potential allergic reactions to the contrast dye used. Additionally, there may be temporary side effects, such as swelling or bruising at the injection site, which typically resolve quickly. Some temporary skin changes at your knee are also possible.